Digestion and Absorption for NEET Exam MCQs
Practice these multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on "Digestion and Absorption" to enhance your preparation for the NEET exam. These questions are specifically designed to test your understanding and knowledge of the human digestive system and related topics.
MCQs on Digestion and Absorption for NEET
What is the dental formula of a human being?
(a) 2123/2123
(b) 2123/2213
(c) 2114/2114
(d) 2122/2122
Ans: 2123/2123
Which one serves as a passage for both food and air?
(a) Larynx
(b) Pharynx
(c) Gullet
(d) Glottis
Ans: Pharynx
Bile juice is stored in which organ of the human body?
(a) Gall bladder
(b) Liver
(c) Kidney
(d) Pancreas
Ans: Gall bladder
Which one of the following sequences is in the correct order?
(a) Descending portal colon → Rectum → Anus
(b) Colon → Anus → Rectum
(c) Stomach → Jejunum → Duodenum
(d) Ileum → Colon → Caecum
Ans: Descending portal colon → Rectum → Anus
Given below is the diagram of the transverse section of the alimentary canal. Label it correctly and choose the correct option accordingly.
(a) A-Muscularis, B-Serosa, C-Submucosa, D-Mucosa
(b) A-Muscularis, B-Serosa, C-Mucosa, D-Submucosa
(c) A-Serosa, B-Muscularis, C-Mucosa, D-Submucosa
(d) A-Serosa, B-Muscularis, C-Submucosa, D-Mucosa
Ans: A-Serosa, B-Muscularis, C-Submucosa, D-Mucosa
How many salivary glands are present in a human being?
(a) 6
(b) 10
(c) 8
(d) 12
Ans: 6
Which one of the following is regarded as a source of instant energy?
(a) Fats
(b) Carbohydrates and Fats
(c) Carbohydrates only
(d) Minerals and Vitamins
Ans: Carbohydrates only
The innermost layer of the human gut forms irregular folds in the stomach, which are known as:
(a) Lumen
(b) Villi
(c) Rugae
(d) Both b) and c)
Ans: Rugae
Common bile duct is formed by the fusion of:
(a) Pancreatic duct and cystic duct
(b) Pancreatic duct and hepatic duct
(c) Pancreatic duct, hepatic duct, and cystic duct
(d) Hepatic duct and cystic duct
Ans: Hepatic duct and cystic duct
Which one is not associated with the secretion of saliva in human beings?
(a) Parotids glands
(b) Sublingual glands
(c) Zymogenic cells
(d) Submaxillary glands
Ans: Zymogenic cells
Which enzyme is present in human saliva?
(a) Ptyalin
(b) Pepsin
(c) Enterokinase
(d) Maltase
Ans: Ptyalin
The diagram of the large intestine of man is given below. Identify the parts labeled A, B, C, D, E, and F.
(a) A=caecum, B=Vermiform appendix, C=Ascending colon, D=Transverse colon, E=Descending colon
(b) F=caecum, B=Vermiform appendix, E=Ascending colon, D=Transverse colon, C=Descending colon
(c) F=caecum, B=Vermiform appendix, C=Ascending colon, D=Transverse colon, E=Descending colon
(d) A=caecum, B=Vermiform appendix, D=Ascending colon, E=Transverse colon, F=Descending colon
Ans: A=caecum, B=Vermiform appendix, C=Ascending colon, D=Transverse colon, E=Descending colon
A large lymph vessel present in the villus of the small intestine is called:
(a) Crypts
(b) Lacteal
(c) Peyer’s patches
(d) Valve of Kerckring
Ans: Lacteal
Which of the following matches is correct?
(a) Renin-Protein
(b) Trypsin-Starch
(c) Invertase-Sucrase
(d) Amylase-Lactose
Ans: Invertase-Sucrase
Match the following columns:
Column -I Column-II
a-Salivary amylase 1. Proteins
b-Bile salts 2. Milk protein
c-Renin 3. Starch
d-Pepsin 4. Lipids
e-Steapsin 5. Emulsification of fats
(a) 5 4 1 2 3
(b) 3 5 2 1 4
(c) 2 3 5 4 1
(d) 2 3 4 5 1
Ans: 3 5 2 1 4
Which one of the following sugars is most rapidly absorbed in the human gut?
(a) Glucose
(b) Fructose
(c) Galactose
(d) Sucrose
Ans: Glucose
Select the true statement regarding the digestion and absorption of food in humans:
(a) Oxyntic cells in the human stomach secrete proenzymes, pepsinogen, and trypsinogen
(b) Chylomicrons are small lipoprotein vesicles that are transported from the intestine into blood capillaries
(c) About 70% of the starch is hydrolyzed by salivary amylase
(d) Fructose and amino acids are absorbed through the intestinal mucosa with the help of carrier ions like Na+
Ans: Chylomicrons are small lipoprotein vesicles that are transported from the intestine into blood capillaries
Absorption of fat occurs through the process of:
(a) Active transport
(b) Passive transport
(c) Osmosis
(d) Simple diffusion
Ans: Simple diffusion
What is common among amylase, renin, and trypsin?
(a) All are produced in the stomach
(b) All act at a pH lower than 7
(c) All are proteins
(d) All are proteolytic enzymes
Ans: All are proteins
What name would you suggest for thoroughly mixed food with gastric juices by the churning movements of the muscular stomach wall?
(a) Bolus
(b) Chyme
(c) Either bolus or chime
(d) None of these
Ans: Chyme
Which is the inactive form of the enzyme, pepsin?
(a) Pepsinogen
(b) Protease
(c) Trypsin
(d) Peptones
Ans: Pepsinogen
Pepsinogen is converted into the active form of enzyme pepsin with the help of which of the following compounds?
(a) Proenzyme
(b) Hydrochloric acid
(c) Electrolyte
(d) Bicarbonates
Ans: Hydrochloric acid
Which enzyme is responsible for the digestion of milk in infants?
(a) Pepsin
(b) Trypsin
(c) Renin
(d) Various proteolytic enzymes
Ans: Renin
Maximum absorption of water occurs in:
(a) Caecum
(b) Colon
(c) Small intestine
(d) Large intestine
Ans: Colon
Succus entericus is secreted by:
(a) Goblet cells
(b) Crypts of Lieberkuhn
(c) Islets of Langerhans
(d) Paneth cell
Ans: Crypts of Lieberkuhn
What is the composition of bile?
(a) Bile pigment and bile salts
(b) Bile pigments and cholesterol
(c) Cholesterol and phospholipids
(d) All the above
Ans: All the above
Which of the following is present in the filiform papillae of the tongue?
(a) Chemoreceptors
(b) Thermoreceptors
(c) Tactile receptors
(d) Taste buds
Ans: Tactile receptors
The gastric juice contains:
(a) Trypsin, renin, pepsin
(b) Pepsin, trypsin, amylase
(c) Pepsin, renin
(d) Trypsin, pepsin, lipase
Ans: Pepsin, renin
Fill in the blanks with appropriate options to complete the given equation:
Fats—– A — B —pancreatic lipase—>Monoglycerides + Fatty acids
(a) A-Lysozyme, B-Polyglycerides
(b) A-Lysozyme, B-Diglycerides
(c) A-Lipase, B-Diglycerides
(d) A-Lipase, B-Polyglycerides
Ans: A-Lipase, B-Diglycerides
Bile salt activates which enzyme?
(a) Lipase
(b) Pancreatic amylase
(c) Pepsinogen
(d) Trypsinogen
Ans: Lipase
Choose the incorrect statement regarding the human digestive system with reference to a normal person.
(a) Human saliva is slightly acidic
(b) In human beings, four pairs of salivary glands secrete saliva
(c) The quantity of saliva in an adult man may be 1 to 1.5L per day
(d) Enzyme amylase present in saliva is responsible for the breakdown of starch into simpler sugar
Ans: In human beings, four pairs of salivary glands secrete saliva
The given below diagram represents a duct system of the pancreas, liver, and gall bladder. Label the diagram from A to E.
(a) A-Gall bladder, B-common bile duct, C-Hepato pancreatic duct, D-Pancreas, E-Pancreatic duct
(b) A-Gall bladder, B- bile duct, C-Hepato pancreatic duct, D-Pancreatic duct, E-Pancreas
(c) A-Gall bladder, B- bile duct, E-Hepato pancreatic duct, C-Pancreatic duct, D-Pancreas
(d) A-Gall bladder, B-common bile duct, E-Hepato pancreatic duct, D-Pancreatic duct, C-Pancreas
Ans: A-Gall bladder, B-common bile duct, E-Hepato pancreatic duct, D-Pancreatic duct, C-Pancreas
Which form of fats is absorbed into the intestinal cells?
(a) Micelles
(b) Chylomicrons
(c) Fatty acids
(d) Both a) and b)
Ans: Micelles
The function of the caecum is to carry out the digestion of:
(a) Starch
(b) Proteins
(c) Cellulose
(d) Fats
Ans: Cellulose
The part of the stomach that opens into the duodenum?
(a) Cardiac
(b) Pyloric
(c) Fundus
(d) Body
Ans: Pyloric
Which is the hardest material of the human body?
(a) Dentine
(b) Enamel
(c) Teeth
(d) Bone
Ans: Enamel
Which one of the following pairs of food components in humans reaches the stomach totally undigested?
(a) Starch and cellulose
(b) Protein and starch
(c) Starch and fat
(d) Fat and cellulose
Ans: Fat and cellulose
A young infant may be feeding entirely on mother’s milk, which is white in color, but he possesses yellowish-colored stools. What is this yellow color due to?
(a) Pancreatic juice poured into the duodenum
(b) Intestinal juice
(c) Bile pigments passed through bile juice
(d) Undigested milk protein casein.
Ans: Bile pigments passed through bile juice
The absorption of water, alcohol, and monosaccharides occurs in:
(a) Gastric mucosa
(b) Mucosa of ileum
(c) Intestinal mucosa
(d) None of the above
Ans: Gastric mucosa
Select what is not true of intestinal villi among the following:
(a) They possess microvilli
(b) They increase the surface area
(c) They are supplied with capillaries and lacteal vessels
(d) They only participate in the digestion of fats
Ans: They only participate in the digestion of fats
Hepatopancreatic duct opens into the duodenum and carries:
(a) Bile
(b) Pancreatic juice
(c) Both bile and pancreatic juice
(d) Saliva
Ans: Both bile and pancreatic juice
One of the following is not a common disorder associated with the digestive system:
(a) Tetanus
(b) Diarrhoea
(c) Jaundice
(d) Dysentery
Ans: Tetanus
Which one of the following is a non-reducing carbohydrate?
(a) Maltose
(b) Sucrose
(c) Lactose
(d) Ribose 5-phosphate
Ans: Sucrose
Where do certain symbiotic microorganisms normally occur in the human body?
(a) Caecum
(b) Oral lining and tongue surface
(c) Vermiform appendix and rectum
(d) Duodenum
Ans: Caecum
What is another name of the gastro-oesophageal sphincter?
(a) Pyloric sphincter
(b) Gastro-duodenal sphincter
(c) Cardiac sphincter
(d) Sphincter of Oddi
Ans: Cardiac sphincter
In humans, which opening is guarded by the sphincter of Oddi?
(a) Opening of the hepatopancreatic ampulla into the duodenum
(b) Opening of the stomach into the duodenum
(c) Opening of the oesophagus into the stomach
(d) Opening of the bile duct into the gall bladder
Ans: Opening of the hepatopancreatic ampulla into the duodenum
The epithelium of the mucosa remains unaffected by HCl due to:
(a) Mucous continues to lubricate the inner lining
(b) Bicarbonates present in the gastric juices protect the linings
(c) Both a) and b)
(d) None of the above
Ans: Both a) and b)
Which of the following cells produce HCl?
(a) B-cell
(b) α-cell
(c) Oxyntic cell
(d) Chief cell
Ans: Oxyntic cell
What is frenulum?
(a) It is the fold by which the tongue is attached to the floor of the oral cavity
(b) It is an adenoid present on the pharyngeal wall
(c) It is a tonsil-like structure
(d) It is a V-shaped furrow that divides the surface of the tongue
Ans: It is the fold by which the tongue is attached to the floor of the oral cavity
Thecodont, diphyodont, and heterodont teeth are characteristic of:
(a) Aves
(b) Reptiles
(c) Mammals
(d) Amphibians
Ans: Mammals
These questions on digestion and absorption for the NEET exam preparation will help you understand the key concepts and topics covered in this chapter. Keep practicing to improve your scores!
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